PSA (prostate specific antigen) is an enzyme produced only by the prostate. PSA may be elevated for a variety of different reasons including a benign prostatic hyperplasia, inflammation, infection or trauma (there are other reasons too!). One of the causes of raised PSA is prostate cancer. Omid will make an individualised assessment of your risk and formulate a treatment plan which may involve an MRI scan and possibly a biopsy if required.

Prostate cancer presents in a wide range of different ways. It may be low risk disease which does not require any immediate treatment or metastatic disease which may be an emergency. Often, patient understandably compare themselves to friends/family or colleagues who have had prostate cancer. Omid will assess you individually and ensure you get the best treatment for you, which is not necessarily the best treatment for your friend/family or colleague.

Blood in the urine, or haematuria , is usually caused by non cancerous causes such as infection, enlarged prostate, medical causes or unknown reasons. However it is very important to get this checked as sometimes the cause may be a cancer in the urinary tract which can be readily treated especially if caught early. Omid is happy see patient with haematuria and may suggest urine tests, a cystoscopy (a camera check in the bladder) and scans (ultra sound scan or a CT scan) depending on his assessment.

Similar to prostate cancer, bladder cancer has a wide spectrum of presentations from non muscle invasive low grade disease which may only require endoscopic (with a camera into the bladder) resection) all the way to metastatic disease which is terminal with a poor prognosis.

Non muscle invasive disease can potentially be managed with endoscopic resections. Omid may recommend some chemotherapy or BCG in the bladder. Sometimes non muscle invasive bladder cancer may need more invasive surgery.

Muscle invasive disease is usually treated with surgery or radiation/chemotherapy.

Omid is fully trained in Open and Robotic Cystectomy with ileal conduit or neobladder reconstruction.

The treatment for localised kidney cancer (which has not spread outside of the kidney) is usually surgical resection. In some cases, the tumor can be removed while leaving the healthy kidney behind, this is called a Partial nephrectomy. The aim is to remove the cancer whilst maximising remaining kidney function. In other cases, if the tumour is too large or in an unfavourable location, the whole kidney may need to be removed with a laparoscopic or open approach.

Omid is extensively trained in all aspects of renal surgery including robotic partial nephrectomy, laparoscopic and open nephrectomy.

Urinary symptoms are one of the most common reasons patients are referred to the Urologist. The aetiology is complex and usually multi-factorial. It may arise from a bladder problem, an outlet issue (such as the prostate in males or the pelvic floor in female), medications, nerve issues and a host of other possibilities. Omid will see you and take a focussed history and examination to illicit the likely possible causes and then he will either order further investigations such as a urine test, flow test, ultrasound scan, cystoscopy or alternatively he may suggest medications or surgery depending on his assessment. Sometimes we cannot make your urinary symptoms completely go away but we can often make them a lot better.

Omid is trained in all aspects of surgical management of lower urinary tract symptoms including laser prostatectomy

Scrotal swelling may be caused by a variety of causes ranging from something sinister such a testicular cancer or something innocuous such as hydrocoele (fluid around the testis). An ultrasound scan can reliably confirm the diagnoses. Fortunately diagnosing (and fixing) the problem is usually very straightforward so it is definitely worth getting checked out and sorted.

Kidney stones are fairly common and approximately 1 in 7 people will have an issue with stones over their lifetime. People who get kidney stones are more likely to get further stones. In general it is good to keep a healthy fluid intake (to produce 2L of urine a day), reduce salt intake and moderate animal protein intake to reduce stone risk. There are other medical or dietary advices that Omid may be able to provide for you based on your specific stone history.

A PUJ obstruction refers to a blockage to your kidney at the Pelvic-Ureteric Junction where the renal pelvis joins to the ureter. It may be related to a vessel which crosses the ureter at this point “kinking it off”.

Patients usually present with pain which is exacerbated on drinking lots of fluids. They may also present with infection or renal impairment.The treatment is usually a key hole operation called a pyeloplasty where the blockage is excised and rejoined. Sometimes patients may be managed with a stent (a plastic tube) or nephrostomy.

Omid offers laparoscopic and robotic pyeloplasty.